Hi Jim McK. and all, Thanks very much for the details on Gladiolus x-gandavensis and G. primulinus. My interest in these has been for their hardiness. The corms I bought as G. "x-gandavensis" have survived in the open garden in a bed where dalenii perished the first winter and where even oppositiflorus salmoneus only lasted through one winter. Interestingly, oppositiflorus salmoneus has survived in the open field with some mulching for several years. I suppose I should try x-gandavensis / primulinus in the open field bed too. I have noted that the "x-gandavensis" that I have does not set seeds very readily. My oppositiflorus salmoneus in the field have set seed abundantly. Last summer, I did cross pollinate dalenii with oppositiflorus salmoneus pollen, and those seeds have just germinated in a tray in my lath house. I'll line them out in the field next summer, if all goes well. I also plan to try a few G. saundersii, which has large red flowers, out in the field next summer. I'm not at all sure how hardy it will be here, and it took me three tries to get seeds of saundersii that may be true to name. Its range overlaps that of oppositiflorus salmoneus, and the first two batches of "saundersii" I tried turned out to be oppositiflorus salmoneus when they flowered. That was not a bad thing, you understand -- it is pretty hardy, and I find it very attractive. To me, oppositiflorus salmoneus looks like what I recall as "funeral home glads" from my childhood 60 years ago. Still, I look forward to seeing the big red flowers of saundersii someday. Regards, Jim Shields in central Indiana (USA) ************************************************* Jim Shields USDA Zone 5 Shields Gardens, Ltd. P.O. Box 92 WWW: http://www.shieldsgardens.com/ Westfield, Indiana 46074, USA Tel. ++1-317-867-3344 or toll-free 1-866-449-3344 in USA