David Griffiths, who was responsible for raising the 100,000 or so lily seedlings from which a dozen or so clones were selected to be the named Bellingham hybrid lilies of the early part of the twentieth century (and for those of you who don't know them, the Bellingham hybrids almost certainly have Lilium pardalinum in their background) certainly didn't take the time to place each seed on its edge. Griffiths' general recommendation was to scatter the seed in drills one inch deep in August and to expect germination (i.e. leaves above ground) the following spring. Jim McKenney Montgomery County, Maryland, USA, USDA zone 7, where some Lilium pardalinum seed started last spring are still in the refrigerator, leaves and all.