".........growing in the same hardiness zone you garden in, be very wary > of introducing it to your garden. Colder zones might be safe........." > That's right, but plants can show a surprising adaptability. Here in Argentina, Iris pseudacorus, atlhough not a bualb, a cold climate species, has invaded the subtropical wetlands where it chokes all other forms of vegetation with a mat of rhizomes and is moving south into cooler regions. Besides fulminant vegetative reproduction it sets plenty of corky seed that floats around and with the rains sail away to anchor in new locations to be colonized. Catastrophic. Some plants are thugs no matter what. Not only does Iris pseudacorus disperse by freshwater, it is also at least moderately saltwater tolerant. In my area, it comes down the Columbia River and out to the ocean beaches, along the beaches, where we find seed pods and seeds regularly. So far, no demonstrated spread to other estuaries, but it's a matter of time. Thankfully, it does not establish on the ocean beaches; it needs a fresher (brackish) situation to grow. Kathleen