Joe and all, Thad Howard grew all sorts of Hymenocallis outdoors in the ground near San Antonio for years. His interests were mainly the Mexican species, several of which he discovered and named himself. Now if we can find a few Aloe and Agave that are hardy enough to grow outdoors here in Indiana, I'll be very interested. As I've mentioned often before, I have a plant of Hymenocallis liriosme which Thad sent me that has survived one winter outdoors in the ground here in Indiana, in a very protected spot outside the south end of one of my greenhouses. I did mulch it well, and will need to mulch it again soon. I want eventually to try some more accessions of H. liriosme in the ground here, when the stock has increased more. Does anyone else have observations on hardiness of Hymenocallis outdoors in the ground year-round? Regards, Jim Shields in central Indiana (USA) ************************************************* Jim Shields USDA Zone 5 Shields Gardens, Ltd. P.O. Box 92 WWW: http://www.shieldsgardens.com/ Westfield, Indiana 46074, USA Tel. ++1-317-867-3344 or toll-free 1-866-449-3344 in USA