Jim W. and all, Now Jim, we expect nothing less from you than a healthy, critical approach to science and plants. However, the previously book clearly refers to the three species, kniphofioides, modesta, and inconspicua, as having persistent underground bulb-like structures atop the root. They even show a picture of them for kniphofioides. They look like the bases of old leaves. I cannot see any of even the hardiest species of Aloe surviving outdoors here through a winter. That does not mean I won't try them if I get some seeds, however! I definitely will. Now Moraea: I have had MM. galpinii and huttonii survive the winter in the ground here, but never to bloom. And they do not survive many winters in the ground! I have had several Dierama species survive at least a few winters outdoors in the ground: DD. dracomontanum, latifolium, and mossii. Of these, dracomontanum and latifolium even flowered once. They are at best short-lived perennials here. Regards, Jim Shields in rainy, cold central Indiana ************************************************* Jim Shields USDA Zone 5 Shields Gardens, Ltd. P.O. Box 92 WWW: http://www.shieldsgardens.com/ Westfield, Indiana 46074, USA Tel. ++1-317-867-3344 or toll-free 1-866-449-3344 in USA