Hi Gang, Two or three years ago there was a nice bit of discussion about Crinum viruses, here at the PBS. I remember doing some research on the matter and since that time I've been thinking about Crinum viruses. In the past few months I have written to multiple colleagues on several continents, and I'll be writing up that information soon. But the really amazing thing is that there is almost no scientific information, at least little published in recent decades. There are 2 possible viruses that might cause mosaic on Crinum, Hippeastrum Mosaic Virus (HiMV), and Crinum Mosaic Virus (CriMV). It seems possible that the 2 viruses are very closely related, or even the same virus, but perhaps not (no data). No other virus type has been described (ever) for Crinum. Thus, yellowing-type viruses, or necrotic lesion-causing viruses, etc., have not been described. Of course, Crinum are not a big "crop" for the horticultural trade and it is possible that many viruses remain undiscovered merely because no one has bothered looking. In other words, government Plant Health Departments, or individual professors, or other researchers, may choose to research problems that are more immediately related to global food production, etc. The 2 viruses that have been mentioned are potyviruses (named after potato virus Y, a well studied member of the group). Generally, potyviruses are transmitted by aphids or by "mechanical means." Mechanical transmission means (to me) that if you use shears to cut one plant (leaves or bulbs), and the same shears to immediately cut another plant, that transmission may occur. In contrast, mechanical transmission typically does not happen by leaf-to-leaf toucing in garden. Thus, leaves from 2 plants that blow around in the wind, and which may have tearing or rips, don't seem to transmit the virus to each other. I hope to put images up soon, which I think are caused by insect damage, pesticide damage, mosaic viruses, heat stress, fungi, etc. For my own part, unless I find out about a new type of virus, I assume that all I have to deal with is a mosaic-causing virus that is transmitted by cutting tools or aphids (not sure of the species). I have kept a few possibly-virused plants on one side of my yard, but have kept them over-treated with systemic insecticide so that (I suppose) any aphid will no have a chance to infect plants 100-200 feet away. Additionally, I have placed some possibly virus-infected plants near healthy plants of different types. I'm waiting for more time to pass, but in the past 18 months no mosaic symptoms have shown up on the healthy plants next to plants with mosaic. Sometimes it can take years for virus symptoms to show up (not often, but sometimes). I think gravepine cuttings imported from Europe into the USA require a 5+ year quarantine just to "make sure" they are clean. Cordially, Joe Conroe TX Rain may be on the way (about time), lots of thunder and lightning, and my little dog is is hiding from the noise.