As usual the terms sport and mutation are mixed A mutation is a change in DNA and can be inherited A sport is a shoot that is different from the motherplant. A seedling is never a sport. Sport is not an official term. However it covers changes without knowing what actually has happened. Possibilities: A. mutation ( a change in DNA), B. somatic recombination ( exchange of chromosome parts, in heterozygous plants)) C. chimaeral rearrangement . The latter is a shift in the three layers like a green or yellow branch in a variegated leafed plant Ben Zonneveld 2015-05-21 7:43 GMT+02:00 <pbs-request@lists.ibiblio.org>: > Send pbs mailing list submissions to > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit > http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to > pbs-request@lists.ibiblio.org > > You can reach the person managing the list at > pbs-owner@lists.ibiblio.org > > When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific > than "Re: Contents of pbs digest..." > > > List-Post:<mailto:pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > List-Archive:<http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > Today's Topics: > > 1. Re: Soils and flower color (Rodger Whitlock) > 2. Re: Definition? (Barbara McMullen) > 3. Flora of Oregon Vol. 1 preorder (Travis O) > 4. Re: Definition? (Boyce Tankersley) > 5. Re: Definition? (Tim Eck) > 6. Re: Definition? (Barbara McMullen) > 7. Re: Definition? (Barbara McMullen) > 8. Re: Bulbs in clay, was Soils and flower color (penstemon) > 9. Attention Moraea lovers (Robert Werra) > 10. layering in bulbs with other plants (Kathleen Sayce) > 11. Re: Attention Moraea lovers (Don Leevers) > > > ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Message: 1 > Date: Mon, 18 May 2015 14:21:45 -0700 > From: "Rodger Whitlock" <totototo@telus.net> > To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Soils and flower color > Message-ID: <5559F579.31980.4170@localhost> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII > > On 17 May 2015, at 19:11, Peter Taggart wrote: > > > That period of semi-dryness [which serves to maintain plants in drought > > mode] so important for bulbs lasts longer in small particle soils than in > > granular, when soils are drying out and bulbs are 'dormant' > > Cyclamen, for example, imbibe moisture via the roots even in dormancy. Try > lifting a cyclamen tuber in summer and leaving it on a shelf. It will soon > get > flabby. > > Tulips pose another interesting example of how people misinterpret words. > It's > commonly said that tulips need to be dry in summer, and a fair number of > people > misinterpret this as meaning a sandy soil. Nothing could be further from > the > truth; tulips do best in a rather heavy clay-ish soil that goes dry in the > summer. Put them in a lean, sandy soil and they won't thrive like they do > in a > heavier soil. > > > -- > Rodger Whitlock > Victoria, British Columbia, Canada > Z. 7-8, cool Mediterranean climate > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 2 > Date: Mon, 18 May 2015 18:35:12 -0400 > From: Barbara McMullen <enna1921@live.ca> > To: "Pacific Bulb Society" <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > Message-ID: <BLU184-DS272FE489806E5FE2F492A6CFC40@phx.gbl> > Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="utf-8"; > reply-type=original > > Thanks > > > -----Original Message----- > From: Bulborum Botanicum > Sent: Monday, May 18, 2015 3:57 AM > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > > It's a mutation in the colour of a hybrid Tulip > > Roland > > R de Boer > 2238 Route de la Maugardiere > F 27260 EPAIGNES > FRANCE > > Phone./Fax 0033-232-576-204 > Email: bulborum@gmail.com > Facebook Group English :https://www.facebook.com/groups/bulborum/ > <https://www.facebook.com/groups/518187888211511/> > Facebook Group French : https://www.facebook.com/groups/1454572311501070/ > > 2015-05-17 0:56 GMT+02:00 Barbara McMullen <bmcmullen@cogeco.ca>: > > > What?s a sport of a tulip? Dictionaries are not helpful. > > > > Also, how did fringed tulips get hybridized? > > > > Barbara McMullen, Ontario > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 3 > Date: Mon, 18 May 2015 21:26:33 -0700 > From: Travis O <enoster@hotmail.com> > To: "pbs@lists.ibiblio.org" <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: [pbs] Flora of Oregon Vol. 1 preorder > Message-ID: <COL403-EAS3227458180268BBC6FB25ECBBC30@phx.gbl> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="Windows-1252" > > Hi, > > The 'Flora of Oregon' is getting ready to be published and can now be > preordered from the website below [1]. Volume 1 includes all monocots as > well as pteridophytes and gymnosperms. Volumes 2 and 3 will be the dicots. > The book looks and sounds amazing! > > Here is a description of the book from the website [1] below: > > "The Oregon Flora Project, Oregon State University, and Botanical Research > Institute of Texas Press have collaborated to publish the Flora of Oregon, > the first comprehensive flora of Oregon in over 50 years?with illustrations! > > The Flora of Oregon is a three-volume reference that will be the only > state flora published in the past half century and the first illustrated > floristic work that exclusively addresses Oregon. Volume 1 presents > treatments of the pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and monocots?1,054 taxa, or > 23% of all native and naturalized vascular plants of Oregon. The taxonomic > treatments include dichotomous keys, family and generic synopses, full > taxon descriptions, and illustrations. A dot map depicting vouchered > occurrences and highlighted ecoregions that host the taxon accompanies each > description. There are pen and ink illustrations of 521 taxa, including 86 > new works by artist John Myers. > > Color photographs accompany chapters describing the state?s ecology and > sites for exploring botanical diversity. Also included are biographical > sketches of notable Oregon botanists and appendices emphasizing plant taxa > of interest to conservationists. > > A valuable reference for land managers, policy-makers, naturalists, > wildflower enthusiasts, historians, teachers, and students of all ages, the > Flora of Oregon is a welcome resource for all who appreciate the natural > beauty and biodiversity of Oregon." > > [1] http://shop.brit.org/products/floraoforegon1/ > > I want one. > > Travis Owen > Rogue River, OR > > amateuranthecologist.blogspot.com > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 4 > Date: Tue, 19 May 2015 08:20:19 -0500 > From: Boyce Tankersley <btankers@gmail.com> > To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > Message-ID: > < > CADnnTuBredFVWfy6TkZhb+oN8SYb3XDxjTmfkUvU2yWtaw1f5Q@mail.gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 > > Sports (mutations) also can result in double flowers or variegated foliage. > > Boyce Tankersley > Chicago Botanic Garden > > On Sat, May 16, 2015 at 5:56 PM, Barbara McMullen <bmcmullen@cogeco.ca> > wrote: > > > What?s a sport of a tulip? Dictionaries are not helpful. > > > > Also, how did fringed tulips get hybridized? > > > > Barbara McMullen, Ontario > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 5 > Date: Tue, 19 May 2015 10:58:42 -0400 > From: "Tim Eck" <teck11@embarqmail.com> > To: "'Pacific Bulb Society'" <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > Message-ID: <002401d09244$4d973150$e8c593f0$@embarqmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > I believe it refers to ANY vegetative mutation. (And some may include > germ cell mutations also, but that is not my understanding) > > Tim Eck > When a philosopher says something that is true, then it is trivial. When > he says something that is not trivial, then it is false. > Gauss > > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: pbs [mailto:pbs-bounces@lists.ibiblio.org] On Behalf Of Boyce > > Tankersley > > Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2015 9:20 AM > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > > > > Sports (mutations) also can result in double flowers or variegated > foliage. > > > > Boyce Tankersley > > Chicago Botanic Garden > > > > On Sat, May 16, 2015 at 5:56 PM, Barbara McMullen > > <bmcmullen@cogeco.ca> > > wrote: > > > > > What?s a sport of a tulip? Dictionaries are not helpful. > > > > > > Also, how did fringed tulips get hybridized? > > > > > > Barbara McMullen, Ontario > > > _______________________________________________ > > > pbs mailing list > > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 6 > Date: Tue, 19 May 2015 19:04:48 -0400 > From: Barbara McMullen <enna1921@live.ca> > To: "Pacific Bulb Society" <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > Message-ID: <BLU184-DS23B2D7619FE965C63CF86CCFC30@phx.gbl> > Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="UTF-8"; > reply-type=original > > Thanks > > -----Original Message----- > From: Boyce Tankersley > Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2015 9:20 AM > To: Pacific Bulb Society > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > > Sports (mutations) also can result in double flowers or variegated foliage. > > Boyce Tankersley > Chicago Botanic Garden > > On Sat, May 16, 2015 at 5:56 PM, Barbara McMullen <bmcmullen@cogeco.ca> > wrote: > > > What?s a sport of a tulip? Dictionaries are not helpful. > > > > Also, how did fringed tulips get hybridized? > > > > Barbara McMullen, Ontario > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 7 > Date: Tue, 19 May 2015 19:05:25 -0400 > From: Barbara McMullen <enna1921@live.ca> > To: "Pacific Bulb Society" <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > Message-ID: <BLU184-DS23237C433DE7F72B28C487CFC30@phx.gbl> > Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset="UTF-8"; > reply-type=original > > Thanks > > -----Original Message----- > From: Tim Eck > Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2015 10:58 AM > To: 'Pacific Bulb Society' > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > > I believe it refers to ANY vegetative mutation. (And some may include germ > cell mutations also, but that is not my understanding) > > Tim Eck > When a philosopher says something that is true, then it is trivial. When he > says something that is not trivial, then it is false. > Gauss > > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: pbs [mailto:pbs-bounces@lists.ibiblio.org] On Behalf Of Boyce > > Tankersley > > Sent: Tuesday, May 19, 2015 9:20 AM > > To: Pacific Bulb Society > > Subject: Re: [pbs] Definition? > > > > Sports (mutations) also can result in double flowers or variegated > > foliage. > > > > Boyce Tankersley > > Chicago Botanic Garden > > > > On Sat, May 16, 2015 at 5:56 PM, Barbara McMullen > > <bmcmullen@cogeco.ca> > > wrote: > > > > > What?s a sport of a tulip? Dictionaries are not helpful. > > > > > > Also, how did fringed tulips get hybridized? > > > > > > Barbara McMullen, Ontario > > > _______________________________________________ > > > pbs mailing list > > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 8 > Date: Wed, 20 May 2015 13:30:54 -0600 > From: "penstemon" <penstemon@Q.com> > To: "Pacific Bulb Society" <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Bulbs in clay, was Soils and flower color > Message-ID: <F3397C3B29604BC6A0B5446715FCB2D6@bobPC> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8" > > > > >Nothing could be further from the > truth; tulips do best in a rather heavy clay-ish soil that goes dry in the > summer. Put them in a lean, sandy soil and they won't thrive like they do > in a > heavier soil. > > It?s probably the relative lack of air in heavy soils rather than any > water-retentive properties (which only operate in mesic situations). In > arid regions, clay is drier than sand. > Most of the soil-water studies available online originate in regions with > regular rainfall, so not really relevant here, or are directed toward crop > irrigation, also not relevant. > > See Peterman, et al, Soil properties affect pinyon pine ? juniper response > to drought, in Ecohydrology 2012 > (not only for the discussions of water in clay vs. coarse soils, but the > fact that the definitely non-bulbous pinyon (Pinus edulis) is found on clay > soils because of migration to such soils when precipitation rates were > higher, 600 years ago). > > or Sala, et, al. Primary Production of the Central Grassland Region of the > United States, Ecology, Vol. 69, no. 1 (1988) > > ?In dry regions, major losses of soil water occur via bare soil > evaporation. However, where sandy soils occur, bare soil evaporation > is lower than in loamy soils because water penetrates deeper into the > soil. Runoff also is lower in sandy soils than in loamy soils.? > > or the online version of the Encyclopedia of Ecology, p.884. > > ?Soil texture is of large importance as it affects both infiltration and > the movement of wetting fronts. Fine-textured soils that are high in clay > and silt fraction tend to impeded infiltration, in which wetting fronts > move only very slowly, and surface evaporation after rainfalls can be very > high. More-coarse-textured soil rich in sand fractions, as for instance > sandy loams, are characterized by high infiltration rates and rapid > percolation. For this reason, coarse-textured soils are often better for > plant growth. As this is in contrast to soils in mesic areas where > fine-textured soils are commonly considered to be superior for plant > production, this is called the ?inverse texture effect??. > > > Bob Nold > Denver, Colorado USA > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 9 > Date: Wed, 20 May 2015 15:19:12 -0700 > From: "Robert Werra" <robertwerra@pacific.net> > To: <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Cc: "robert Werra" <robertwerra@pacific.net> > Subject: [pbs] Attention Moraea lovers > Message-ID: <146C807335CB446FA6BA502CA2DA3279@Game1> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" > > Moraea lovers rejoice. Despite the drought, My few raised beds of moraeas > in No. Calif. put on their best show in ten years. The sparse rains must > have hit at the right time. I gave the bulk of my 25 year collection to > Michael Mace in San Jose CA.to caretake for the future. The remainder have > been a delight and there will be many seeds for moraea lovers. They began > in Feb. with M.ciliata(white and various blues), M. macronyx(yellow and > yellow-white), M.aristata, bellendini, calcicola, fergusonii, fugax, > flicaulis, gawleri, gigandra, loubseri, luridaa, papillionacea, polyanthos, > serpentina, stricta, tortillis, tricuspidata, tripetela, tulbaghensis, > vegeta, villosa in assorted colors,and ending now with the wonderful M. > vespertina. It opens when yuo are at supper or vespers with large white > slightly fragrant blossoms which fade by dark. Between my brush but mainly > bees and bugs many are producing seed for BX and you. If you have special > interest let me know. > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 10 > Date: Wed, 20 May 2015 19:05:20 -0700 > From: Kathleen Sayce <ksayce@willapabay.org> > To: pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > Subject: [pbs] layering in bulbs with other plants > Message-ID: <F94EC021-1C74-4CE2-AE6B-7F9E572F0D42@willapabay.org> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252 > > I?ve followed Ian Young?s bulb log for years, and have tried to devise a > mix of ground covering plants to coexist with bulbs several times, based on > his enthusiastic experiments in his own garden. > > What I have found is that any of several plants (Oxalis spp., Galium > odoratum, Dicentra formosa, et cetera) are perfectly happy to cover the > ground, but then slugs, snails and other plant eating invertebrates follow. > These ground covering plants also do nothing to deter ivy, blackberry, > spruce, or elderberry seedlings, let alone slow down muscular spreaders > like creeping buttercup, or sheep sorrel. > > Just today I rescued four Lilium columbianum bulbs from a mat of Oxalis > (which has lovely white flowers and nice green foliage) and quack grass, > which had sneaked in under the Oxalis cover. Formerly there were 15 bulbs > in this area, and some might still return next year. Or not. > > Admittedly, my garden, and the coastal Pacific Northwest in general, is > over endowed with non-native slugs and snails. > > My question to the general readership is this: Has anyone succeeded in > North America with layers of green mixed plantings in which bulbs can > thrive? Or does this provide too much cover for potential green pests and > herbivorous invertebrates? > > Kathleen > > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Message: 11 > Date: Thu, 21 May 2015 07:43:03 +0200 > From: Don Leevers <venzano1@gmail.com> > To: Pacific Bulb Society <pbs@lists.ibiblio.org> > Subject: Re: [pbs] Attention Moraea lovers > Message-ID: > <CAMt1Vvg0D4jJ7aMX-NccxnnBDdv= > 7fCqpnKVAKYePA5+u8RrLQ@mail.gmail.com> > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 > > Dear robert, > great news.I have a giant Moraea huttonii in flower .Its been at it for > weeks.I look foreward to receiving some seed of your other ones at some > time. > Best regards, > Donald Leevers (southern Italy) > > On Thu, May 21, 2015 at 12:19 AM, Robert Werra <robertwerra@pacific.net> > wrote: > > > Moraea lovers rejoice. Despite the drought, My few raised beds of moraeas > > in No. Calif. put on their best show in ten years. The sparse rains must > > have hit at the right time. I gave the bulk of my 25 year collection to > > Michael Mace in San Jose CA.to caretake for the future. The remainder > have > > been a delight and there will be many seeds for moraea lovers. They began > > in Feb. with M.ciliata(white and various blues), M. macronyx(yellow and > > yellow-white), M.aristata, bellendini, calcicola, fergusonii, fugax, > > flicaulis, gawleri, gigandra, loubseri, luridaa, papillionacea, > polyanthos, > > serpentina, stricta, tortillis, tricuspidata, tripetela, tulbaghensis, > > vegeta, villosa in assorted colors,and ending now with the wonderful M. > > vespertina. It opens when yuo are at supper or vespers with large white > > slightly fragrant blossoms which fade by dark. Between my brush but > mainly > > bees and bugs many are producing seed for BX and you. If you have special > > interest let me know. > > _______________________________________________ > > pbs mailing list > > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > http://pacificbulbsociety.org/pbswiki/ > > > > > ------------------------------ > > Subject: Digest Footer > > _______________________________________________ > pbs mailing list > pbs@lists.ibiblio.org > http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/list.php > > > ------------------------------ > > End of pbs Digest, Vol 148, Issue 14 > ************************************ > -- BJM Zonneveld Naturalis, Herbarium section Postbox 9517 Darwinweg 2, 2300RA Leiden The Netherlands Email: ben.zonneveld@naturalis.nl <Ben.Zonneveld@naturalis.nl>, telf 071-7517228