Jim wrote > anyone >outside of the Pacific Coast or the native range of ANY of the PCN >species has been able to grow any species or hybrid for 3 years or >more. Jim, I don't have time to look up details now, but will try to deal with it when I can. PCNI's, particularly I. tenax, have been grown in New York for several years. They've also been grown in (I believe) Arkansas for a few years. There are a few named varieties from (I seem to remember) Australia--but probably from a climate similar to where they are native. One of the keys seems to be that they do not stand much summer water where temperatures are high (because they do not have much restance to soil funguses at high temps.). Some shade, good drainage, and limited water but not desicated conditions seem to be indicated. Some people use a soil drench to prevent fungus damage to the roots under high soil temperatures. Further information pacificcoastiris.org and distribution maps http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/jepson_flora_project.ht… Ken