I have a Flaming Dragon propane weed torch. Back in 2018 I wrote an entry for my web site on coping with weeds, see here: http://bellewood-gardens.com/2018/… As has been mentioned it it good for weeds growing in gravel, in crevices, and similar sites. Another useful method was when I had WWOOFers - world wide opportunity on organic farms. You provide room and board for a week or so, they provide several hours / day of work. They could weed, safely, if I provided samples of what was wanted to be removed. As an aside - we would also go visit gardens, an apiary, the autumn fleece and fiber event, whatever, depending on their interests. Usually very nice young adults. I stopped because the interest seems to be trending more towards AirB&B on a beach on Maui At one point I also had the BelleWood Gardens Gardening School. Limit to 6 students at a time, first we'd talk then apply as a practicum. And yes, weeding was a popular topic. Sort of Tom Sawyer-ish. And they paid for the classes. Now it is just me. It is disposing of weeds that can be a secondary problem. My neighbors sheep do eat multiflora rose shoots, really like garlic mustard (which I eat too, but there are more sheep than what I can eat). If I ever win the lottery (which is unlikely since I do not buy chances) I'd fund research not on a deer repellent but a deer attractant. Spray it on the weeds and let Bambi and family things clean up. Judy in New Jersey on Imbolc, mid-point between winter solstice and spring equinox, where Galanthus nivalis 'Atksinii' and Helleborus x ericsmithii are in bloom _______________________________________________ pbs mailing list pbs@lists.pacificbulbsociety.net http://lists.pacificbulbsociety.net/cgi-bin/…