Jim and David, Thank you for all of this content. The Kurita et al <https://www.jstor.org/stable/41967120/> is a fantastic resource. I have read through all of the previous discussions I've found on the subject and it has helped me a great deal but some of it (probably more than I realize) I do not yet understand. Of particular issue for me is the chromosomal relation to sterility versus fertility. I gather that in Lycoris, triploids are generally sterile or very close to it and that diploids are generally fertile although there are apparent, notable exceptions . I would like to be able to understand why at a basic level. With L. Straminea for example, is it because it has an odd number (2n = 19) or for some other reason? I have used Google to search things like 'basic plant genetics' and read a few articles but am having trouble finding a good primer on karyotypes beyond what Jim laid out in a past message. In a recent message Jim suggested larger plants and apricots or blues/purples as good hybridizing goals. It all interests me but the blues and purples do in particular. I'm in zone 8a and so am not very restricted by cold hardiness. What potential, available parents would be good candidates for this? Thank you, Tony Carter TX 75065 Zone 8a