Sadly the Texas leaf-cutting ants ate all the foliage off my daffodils and ipheion in the front yard - the daffs are now growing back and seem to be blooming, but I think I lost most of my starflower blooms. Cut ants are very interesting - they don't eat the leaves, instead they take them to their mounds to feed to a fungus that they cultivate, and then eat parts of the fungus. Their colonies can be huge underground. https://citybugs.tamu.edu/factsheets/landscape/… The good news to me is cut ants seem to keep the fire ants away from my property. I'll gladly sacrifice leaves so I don't have fireants. Lin Grado East Texas -----Original Message----- From: pbs [mailto:pbs-bounces@lists.ibiblio.org] On Behalf Of Travis O Sent: Sunday, February 28, 2016 10:24 AM To: pbs@lists.ibiblio.org Subject: [pbs] black-tailed deer We have black tailed deer in SW OR, they definitely eat Crocus, and have even nibbled Allium, Muscari, and Narcissus. Whatever they don't like they try and pull out of the ground out of spite. Colchicum is the only truly pest proof bulb I grow. Nothing seems too interested in Iris or Crocosmia, either. Travis Owen Rogue River, OR http://www.amateuranthecologist.com/ http://www.pacificbulbsociety.org/